Table 1 |
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Overview of general and nutrition related cognitive characteristics of children |
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| Pre-operational stage |
Concrete operational stage |
Formal operational stage |
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| Limited information processors |
Cued processors |
Strategic processors |
| Egocentric |
Aware of perspective of another |
Able to consider different perspectives |
| Focused on one attractive external characteristic |
Focused on two or more functional and underlying attributes |
Focused on multiple functional and underlying attributes |
| Decisions based on salient perceptual attributes |
Decisions more flexible and thoughtful |
Decisions more strategic |
| Do not consider transformations |
See intermediary processes |
Eye for detail |
| Concrete thinking |
Thinking more logical, but concrete |
Abstract thinking |
| Pre-logical thinking |
First type of causality thinking |
Logical reasoning |
| No distinction between foods and snacks |
Distinction between foods and snacks |
* |
| Ingested foods not changed in stomach |
Ingested foods are changed somehow in the stomach |
* |
| Can mention healthy foods, but not explain why it is healthy |
Healthy foods make you strong, healthy and grow (do not know how) |
* |
| Brand preferences based on perceptual and affective attributes |
Brand preferences based on cognitive attributes |
* |
| Rejection based on distaste, danger or ideational |
Rejection based on distaste, danger, disgust or inappropriateness |
Rejection based on distaste, danger, disgust or inappropriateness |
| No idea of contamination |
Basic idea of contamination |
Full adult idea of contamination |
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* No data available for this age group; these studies did focus on children in the pre-operational and concrete operational stage |
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Zeinstra et al. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2007 4:30 doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-30 |
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