Table 2

Adjusted odds ratios (OR)a for no recreational walking, and prevalence rates for response categories of neighbourhood perceptions and individual cognitions by educational level.




Educational level
Independent factors
 OR
 95% CI
 p
 1
(low)
 2
 3
 4
(high)
 p
NEIGHBOURHOOD perceptions
















Physical neighbourhood factors







Neighbourhood is unsafe







     disagree
 1.00
.636
 95.5b
 95.9
 98.2
 98.9
 .004
     agree
 0.87
 (0.49–1.55)
4.5
 4.1
 1.8
 1.1
Neighbourhood is unattractive







     disagree
 1.00
.008
 72.5
 84.3
 88.6
 86.0
 .000
     agree
 1.41
 (1.09–1.82)
27.5
 15.7
 11.4
 14.0
Insufficient places for physical activity







     disagree
 1.00
.256
 64.3
 75.2
 77.5
 88.7
 .000
     agree
 1.14
 (0.91–1.44)
35.7
 24.8
 22.5
 11.3









Social neighbourhood factors







Social cohesion







     high
 1.00
.000
 38.1
 36.3
 41.3
 40.9
 .001
     medium
 0.62
 (0.50–0.78)
30.3
 37.1
 38.2
 34.9
     low
 0.82
 (0.64–1.05)
31.6
 26.6
 20.5
 24.3
Social network







     large
 1.00
.000
 34.4
 37.4
 37.6
 29.4
 .034
     medium
 1.56
 (1.23–1.98)
33.2
 32.9
 40.9
 37.0
     small
 1.59
 (1.25–2.04)
32.4
 29.7
 21.5
 33.6
Feeling at home in neighbourhood







     high
 1.00
.120
 32.4
 35.3
 36.4
 42.3
 .020
     moderate
 0.80
 (0.64–1.01)
33.2
 38.0
 36.6
 31.1
     low
 0.99
 (0.78–1.26)
34.4
 26.7
 27.0
 26.6
Social disorganisation







     low
 1.00
.540
 45.3
 48.4
 50.6
 54.0
 .000
     medium
 0.96
 (0.75–1.22)
18.6
 24.3
 23.5
 24.5
     high
 0.86
 (0.67–1.12)
36.1
 27.3
 25.9
 21.5









INDIVIDUAL cognitions
















Attitude towards regular physical activity







     positive
 1.00
.000
 25.8
 32.8
 36.0
 32.8
 .002
     neutral
 1.34
 (1.07–1.67)
61.9
 54.9
 58.5
 58.4
     negative
 4.16
 (2.96–5.84)
12.3
 12.3
 5.4
 8.7
Social influences for regular physical activity







     positive
 1.00
.000
 54.9
 50.1
 49.6
 53.2
 .003
     neutral
 1.62
 (1.32–1.99)
30.3
 40.3
 43.9
 38.3
     negative
 1.76
 (1.26–2.45)
14.8
 9.6
 6.5
 8.5
Perceived behaviour control to be regularly active







     (very) sure
 1.00
.000
 59.2
 67.0
 70.7
 74.2
 .001
     not sure/unsure
 1.65
 (1.32–2.07)
31.0
 25.7
 20.5
 19.0
     (very) unsure
 2.10
 (1.48–2.97)
9.8
 7.3
 8.8
 6.8
Intention to be regularly active







     yes
 1.00
.000
 45.9
 55.0
 57.3
 67.0
 .000
     maybe
 1.84
 (1.49–2.27)
38.9
 38.1
 35.2
 26.7
     no
 4.41
 (3.09–6.29)
15.2
 6.9
 7.5
 6.4

a Models were weighted, and adjusted for age, sex, and educational level.

b This is the percentage of respondents in a certain response category per socioeconomic group; for example, 95.5% of those in the lowest group disagreed with the statement "My neighbourhood is unsafe".

Kamphuis et al. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2009 6:1   doi:10.1186/1479-5868-6-1

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