|
Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for snacking in eight snacking contexts and the likelihood of skipping meals among adolescents |
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| Breakfast |
Lunch |
Dinner |
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|
|
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| Snacking context |
OR |
95% CI |
OR |
95% CI |
OR |
95% CI |
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|
|
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| After school |
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| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||||
| Low snacker |
0.69 |
0.41–1.16 |
0.87 |
0.44–1.70 |
1.01 |
0.37–2.77 |
|||
| Medium snacker |
0.78 |
0.49–1.24 |
0.77 |
0.41–1.43 |
0.48 |
0.18–1.34 |
|||
| High snacker |
0.66 |
0.43–1.01 |
0.94 |
0.54–1.65 |
0.36 |
0.15–0.86 |
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| While watching TV |
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| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||||
| Low snacker |
0.68 |
0.44–1.05 |
0.80 |
0.47–1.35 |
0.52 |
0.20–1.36 |
|||
| Medium snacker |
0.85 |
0.59–1.24 |
0.87 |
0.55–1.38 |
0.31 |
0.12–0.77 |
* |
||
| High snacker |
1.25 |
0.88–1.77 |
1.14 |
0.74–1.74 |
0.64 |
0.31–1.32 |
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| While hanging out with friends |
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| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
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| Low snacker |
0.96 |
0.70–1.30 |
0.36 |
0.59–1.21 |
0.49 |
0.23–1.04 |
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| Medium snacker |
1.24 |
0.92–1.68 |
0.94 |
0.69–1.41 |
0.48 |
0.22–1.04 |
|||
| High snacker |
1.38 |
1.04–1.83 |
0.69 |
0.77–1.49 |
0.84 |
0.45–1.57 |
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| While doing homework or working |
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| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.50–2.25 |
|||||
| Low snacker |
0.72 |
0.55–0.95 |
0.69 |
0.49–0.98 |
1.06 |
0.44–1.97 |
|||
| Medium snacker |
1.01 |
0.79–1.29 |
0.96 |
0.71–1.30 |
0.93 |
1.08–3.61 |
|||
| High snacker |
1.33 |
1.06–1.66 |
* |
1.39 |
1.06–1.82 |
1.97 |
0.58–1.48 |
||
| On the run |
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| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||||
| Low snacker |
1.02 |
0.80–1.31 |
1.04 |
0.77–1.40 |
0.42 |
0.20–0.86 |
|||
| Medium snacker |
1.33 |
1.03–1.71 |
1.20 |
0.88–1.63 |
0.69 |
0.35–1.34 |
|||
| High snacker |
2.48 |
1.92–3.19 |
** |
1.88 |
1.38–2.55 |
** |
1.52 |
0.85–2.72 |
|
| On way to or from school |
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| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||||
| Low snacker |
1.49 |
1.18–1.89 |
** |
0.95 |
0.69–1.30 |
1.05 |
0.49–2.23 |
||
| Medium snacker |
1.49 |
1.14–1.94 |
* |
1.17 |
0.83–1.64 |
1.79 |
0.89–3.62 |
||
| High snacker |
2.24 |
1.77–2.85 |
** |
2.11 |
1.60–2.78 |
** |
3.29 |
1.88–5.75 |
** |
| All day long |
|||||||||
| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||||
| Low snacker |
1.26 |
0.99–1.61 |
1.15 |
0.85–1.56 |
1.37 |
0.69–2.74 |
|||
| Medium snacker |
1.63 |
1.24–2.14 |
** |
1.40 |
1.00–1.97 |
2.14 |
1.07–4.28 |
||
| High snacker |
1.98 |
1.53–2.57 |
** |
1.85 |
1.35–2.52 |
** |
3.26 |
1.81–5.89 |
** |
| In middle of night |
|||||||||
| Non-snacker |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
||||||
| Low snacker |
1.50 |
1.13–2.0 |
* |
1.50 |
1.06–2.12 |
2.29 |
1.16–4.54 |
||
| Medium snacker |
1.89 |
1.29–2.77 |
** |
1.62 |
1.01–2.61 |
2.64 |
1.09–6.36 |
||
| High snacker |
3.92 |
2.89–5.32 |
** |
3.66 |
2.61–5.14 |
** |
5.37 |
2.91–9.89 |
** |
|
High snackers included adolescents who snacked 'most days' or 'everyday'. Adjusted for sex and region of residence. * p ≤ 0.01, ** p ≤ 0.001. | |||||||||
Savige et al. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2007 4:36 doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-36 |
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