Research
Associations among parental feeding styles and children's food intake in families with limited incomes
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* Corresponding author: Sharon L Hoerr hoerrs@msu.edu
1 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
2 Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
3 Department of Public Health, Temple University, Center for Obesity Research and Education, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
4 Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 560 Webb Building, 1530 Third Avenue South, Birmingham Alabama, USA
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2009, 6:55 doi:10.1186/1479-5868-6-55
Published: 13 August 2009Additional files
Additional file 1:
Table S1; Demographics of sample by parental feeding style, mean ± standard deviation (SD) and percentages. Table showing the Demographics of sample by parental feeding style, mean ± standard deviation (SD) and percentages. 1 Post hoc tests evaluated 3 comparisons between feeding styles where authoritative = 1, authoritarian = 2, indulgent = 3, uninvolved = 4. Significant differences given at p < 0.017 were indicated by the following superscripts - a: 2-3; b: 2-4; c: 2-1. 2 Numbers do not always equal 715, because not all participants provided complete data.3 BMI = wt in kg/ht in m2.
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Additional file 2:
Table S2; Children's energy and energy density intake by parental feeding styles, mean and standard error (SE). Table showing Children's energy and energy density intake by parental feeding styles, mean and standard error (SE). 1 Adjusted for BMI Z score. 2 Post hoc tests evaluated 3 comparisons between feeding styles where authoritative = 1, authoritarian = 2, indulgent = 3, uninvolved = 4. Significant differences given at p < 0.017 were indicated by the following superscripts - a: 2-3; b: 2-4; c: 2-1. 3 Energy density A = all foods and all beverages for evening foods; (2-4 p = 0.023). 4 Energy density B = all foods and energy containing beverages (i.e., no water, diet sodas, unsweetened tea) for evening foods; (2-3: p = 0.030). 5 Energy density C = all foods (no beverages) for evening foods.
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Additional file 3:
Table S3; Children's food group intake1 for evening foods by parental feeding styles, mean and standard error (SE).2. Table showing children's food group intake1 for evening foods by parental feeding styles, mean and standard error (SE).1Adjusted for BMI Z score. 2Post hoc tests evaluated 3 comparisons between feeding styles where authoritative = 1, authoritarian = 2, indulgent = 3, uninvolved = 4. Significant differences given at p < 0.017 were indicated by the following superscripts - a: 2-3; b: 2-4; c: 2-1.
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